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The S-class and T-class are six destroyers from the Royal Navy, launched in 1942-1943. They were built into two fleets, known as the 5th and 6th Emergency Fleets, which served as fleet and convoy in the Second World War.
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The S-Class introduces the CP (Central Pivot) Mark XXII mount for the QF Mark IX 4.7" firearm. This new mount had a heavily sloped front shield to allow increased elevation (to 55 degrees), as opposed to the vertical front of the previous CP Mark XVIII, and it was easy to compare the S-class with their excellent predecessors. The Savage was the exception in this regard, with four 4.5" guns; one twin-mounted aft and two singles aft. These ships used a fire protection watch HA fire control computer .
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The quadruple Mark VII for the QF 2-pounder bomb was replaced by the twin Mark IV for the 40 mm Bofors gun. This advanced turret, known as "Hazemeyer" (or "Haslemere"), has three-axis stabilization to keep the target in sight on the destroyer's pitch deck, and is equipped with an analog fire control computer and radar Type 282, metric range unit. Dutch miner Willem van der Zaan, who fled German occupation in May 1940, brought Hazemeyer's design to England.
The T class was also the first to use a lattice mast to replace the mast or rack formmast, which continued in subsequent wartime fleets. Le Fantasque ("The Capricious") was the flagship of her class of six frigate destroyers (contre-torpilleur, "torpedo boat destroyer") built for the French Navy in the 1930s. The ship was commissioned in 1935 and participated in the Second World War. When war was declared in September 1939, all Le Fantasques were assigned to the Force de Raid, tasked with hunting down German commercial raiders and blockade runners. In late 1939, Le Fantasque and her two sister ships were stationed at Dakar, West Africa, patrolling the Mid-Atlantic for several months. They returned to mainland France by the same year and were transferred to Algeria at the end of April 1940 in case Italy decided to end the war. After Italy declared war in June, she repeatedly strafed the Frch cruisers as they unsuccessfully pursued the Italian ships.
After much of French Equatorial Africa declared its support for Free France in August, Le Fantasque and her two sister ships escorted a cruiser force to Dakar in September to intimidate the colonies into joining Vichy France. Britain and the Free French sent a force to persuade West African France to join the Free French, and the garrison at the start of the Battle of Dakar rejected their treaty. The Vichy destroyers were given a defensive role, placing smoke screens to protect the cruisers while they engaged the British ships. Le Fantasque remained at Dakar, while Frch West Africa joined Free Frch in late 1942. She was modernized in the US in early 1943 and returned to the Mediterranean in mid-year, where she searched for Axis carrying her two-person sisters the year after. Between raids, the ship supported the French occupation of Corsica in September and provided gunfire support during Operation Dragoon, which invaded southern France in mid-1944.
After the war, Le Fantasque was sent to French Indochina in late 1945-1946 to support the French army there. After returning to mainland France in mid-1946, she was active intermittently until mid-1950. Maintenance was considered uneconomical at the time, and the ship remained in standby until an accident in 1953. Le Fantasque was scrapped in 1958.
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Le Fantasque-class ships were designed to counter Italy's fast Condottieri-class light cruisers, and one member of the class, Le Terrible, set a world record for a conventional cruiser during sea trials by exceeding 45 knots (83 km/h; 52 mph) boat . They have a total length of 132.4 m, a beam of 12 m and a draft of 4.5 m.
And 3,417 metric tons (3,363 long tons) deep cargo. Le Fantasque was powered by two Rateau-Bretagne geared steam turbines, each driving a propeller shaft, using steam supplied by four water-tube boilers. The turbines are designed to produce 74,000 metric horsepower (54,000 kilowatts; 73,000 shaft horsepower), which will propel the ship at 37 knots (69 km/h; 43 mph). During sea trials on 11 July 1935, her turbines produced 96,773 metric horsepower (71,176 kW; 95,449 shp) and she achieved 41.4 knots (76.7 km/h; 47.6 mph). The ship had enough fuel to travel 2,900 nautical miles (5,400 km; 3,300 mi) at a speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). The Le Fantasque class crew consisted of 11 officers and 221 crew in peacetime, the latter number increasing to 254 in wartime.
Le Fantasques' primary armament consisted of five Canon de 138.6 mm (5.5 in) Modèle 1929 guns, with a pair of superguns aft and aft of the superstructure, and a fifth gun behind the stern funnel. Their anti-aircraft armament consisted of two Canon de 37 mm (1.5 in) Modèle 1925 machine guns amidships and four Hotchkiss Mitrailleuse de 13.2 mm (0.52 in) CA Modèle 1929 machine guns in two twin gun mounts aft of the 37 mm mounts. The ships carried three sets of 550 mm (21.7 in) torpedo tubes in triple mounts on the water; the stern mounts could extend over the sides, but the forward mounts had one on each side. They had a pair of depth charge chutes built into the stern; these held a total of six 200 kg (440 lb) depth charges, plus another doz in the torpedo magazine. The boat can also be equipped with rails capable of handling 40 mines.
Between December 1938 and January 1939, the bridge wings were enlarged to accommodate the Hotchkiss machine guns on Le Fantasque. After war broke out in September, the 200 kg depth charge load was increased to 48, and a pair of rails for 35 kg depth charges were installed aft. Each rail holds 3 depth charges, with an additional 15 stored in the magazine. In early 1940, the single gun mount was replaced by a twin-gun 37 mm mount. Before the ship sailed for Dakar in September, a single-port Browning 13.2 mm anti-aircraft machine gun was mounted atop an ammunition crane aft; a second gun was added in the same position in February 1941. Later that year or in 1942, the Hotchkiss machine guns were moved to a new platform on the center superstructure and their former place was occupied by the Browning machine guns. During her refit at Oran, Algeria in 1941, Le Fantasque had an early modification to her aft superstructure to create a platform on top of the aft ammunition elevator and each side platform for the 37mm guns. Due to a lack of twin-gun mounts, the twin-gun mounts were relocated on the upper platform and a lower platform, the other being occupied by a single gun mount. In May 1942, the ship was fitted with an Alpha-2 sonar system in preparation for a hull modification to accommodate the required flexible underwater dome.
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Le Fantasque was ordered on 17 November 1930 as part of the 1930 naval program, and was laid down by Arsal de Lorit on 16 November 1931. She was launched on 15 March 1934, commissioned on 15 November 1935, completed on 10 March 1936 and put into use on 1 May. Completion was delayed when the ship ran aground at Lorit, damaging her keel and propeller. When Le Fantasques served, they were assigned to the newly formed 8th and 10th Light Divisions (Division légère), later redesignated Scout Division (Division de contre-torpilleurs); both divisions were assigned to the Bresse Special 2nd Light Squadron (2eme Escadre légère). From 1 October 1936, L'Indomptable, Le Triomphant and Le Malin were assigned to the 8th Light Division, while Le Fantasque, Le Terrible and L'Audacieux belonged to the 10th Light Division.
On 30 May 1936, French President Albert Lebrun inaugurated the new building of the Naval Academy (École Navale) in Brest and inspected the 2nd Squadron, including Le Fantasque, L'Audacieux, L'Indomptable and Le Terrible. From 15 January to 26 February, No. 2 Light Squadron cruised south to Conakry in West Africa. On 27 May 1937, the Minister of the Navy, Alphonse Garnier-Dupac, inspected the fleet, including all Fantasias.
When war was declared in September 1939, both the 8th and 10th Scout Divisions were assigned to the raiding force; it made only one sortie as a full unit from 2 to 6 September, when it responded to a bug report that has left
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